tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-40621230380452402472024-02-20T20:44:19.769-08:00all about sulawesiAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.comBlogger11125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4062123038045240247.post-42508283944232447372016-04-03T01:08:00.000-07:002016-05-09T17:06:10.975-07:00Selayar National Park<div style="text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="476" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuAM4BE97oCb2GHjccZjI08dDozzdzwewjweHpg5K_iDnQq240yJh_25YXXeUDGbpMBN1hg5Ztrc4O9AWoZrTZz2SMiHhhcTMQKtHZXttGl_xArQDUcXsGaQCvlXpKr1tNfdTW5GeBeTo/s640/Selayar+Islands.png" width="640" /> </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmNk_MqBFiRV3BvFrUB5EvRYLAUH2rn0kArIGeEqDiZRYucduFI87KeBetTGYtUOM96l52_fLNcKb9tHa8DuTccLo-9FD_0aSbTRr3Kv1W7DuEjcyA_lB4PH7i1BHN6Xcl1RUO7uUSj-0/s1600/selayar+islands3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
<br />
Selayar Island is the main island of the Selayar Islands. It lies off
the coast of Cape Bira of South Sulawesi Province. Divers dominate the
scene in the few resort hotels, and the most fascinating and rare
underwater encounter is seeing dugong! This gentle creature never fails
leaving divers in awe, nor do the over 50 well preserved divesites
around Selayar and nearby atolls. Other activities include hiking the
lush rainforest with pictureperfect waterfall and a batcave, which can
also be reached by bikes or motorcycles. Secluded white-sand beaches
complete this island paradise.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="424" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGSCciZgBleAyxekalLtHViIcYlLoygk-I_elDKI18qo3r2u2B24FH9lmi6XdmpHoMQutw-gK3bjVh6HGTdxo2YwKay17tNSOrUp_1B9j4j_Y-JZ_YF7FkeGwhsGfwukpOSKpyDISse3k/s640/selayar+islands5.png" width="640" /> </div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
This secluded tropical paradise offers a
number of splendid, secluded white sandy beaches. The Baloiya
Beach stretches some 3 km along the coast. From here you can see
tarsiers and wild boars amongst the dense foliage of the forest. The
Selayar Diver Resort offers cottages and facilities for divers. Other
beaches are the Pinang Beach, some 80 minutes from Benteng or
the Je’neiya Beach, some 60 minutes from the town of Benteng.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmNk_MqBFiRV3BvFrUB5EvRYLAUH2rn0kArIGeEqDiZRYucduFI87KeBetTGYtUOM96l52_fLNcKb9tHa8DuTccLo-9FD_0aSbTRr3Kv1W7DuEjcyA_lB4PH7i1BHN6Xcl1RUO7uUSj-0/s640/selayar+islands3.png" width="640" /> </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Besides diving and snorkeling among the
colorful reefs and underwater life of Taka Bonerate (for more
information see “Taka Bonerate National Park), the island of Selayar
offers a number of outstanding attractions to visit and see.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLfNWq0MZYPWeFyAokfxybiu5yl17AovBYLPusSmzqu_8rodgn1dFJaMu0xFpbnHIziv3wBqEQP68UEnY5M5av03ACid-YMwDnaHiVDV_4VG7umceEl1kJV52q2VA01VC04BocmW4ljPE/s1600/selayar+islands4.png" /> </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Dongson Kettledrum is the star
attraction here. Excavated in the 17th century, this large and
beautifully decorated Dongson kettledrum is from the Bronze Age and
estimated to be around 2,000 years old. Found in Papalahoia, which was
the seat of 14th century pre-historic Selayar kingdoms.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The kettledrum is now stored at
Bontobangun, some 3 km. south of Benteng in what is described as a “one
room museum”. The museum must be opened with a special key that can be
obtained through your local guide.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDVSp2sUa8vjuQYS3rSMqOW1fP3mS9hqqWIp7ZfZNXyBxTnjQ27QK9mYMeprSZgagLS0XBSlPx3QVyqaY3HhdPSi5Nc2wUzpTGBcnNjLSL9qIbIvl7Q7dD2uNRZfj_HX2FRaEFuo6axug/s640/selayar+islands6.png" width="640" /> </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The large Dongson drum, said to be the
largest in the world, stands 95 cm high and has a diameter of 115 cm. On
the top is a large star with 16 points and 4 stylized frogs. Its sides
have four handles, in pairs of two. Decorations along its side cover
three bands: at the bottom are etched elephants, birds and coconut
trees, the center band are abstract motives, and the top depicts
peacocks.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="479" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx0OFRKmiXmirq0k0CwD83oxIj970GnWsm0HypDG6sd-7HQue0IX4sO_qca7ul6Zvd6S03eC77jZ34LteljocisLAC8iz-b83gTRvWlq9jOHQAK79KjRBlqRvsOuQQ2lYEFvdGZmk-GR0/s640/selayar+silands.png" width="640" /> </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Besides the Dongson drum, this one-room
museum also has remnants of ancient ships. There is the head of the naga
(dragon) that is 110 cm. high, has wings, head and a tail which is 150
cm. long, made in the Majapahit style. There is also an “anjungan” the
platform where the captain of the ship gives his orders to the crew. An
16th century Arabic inscription mentions : “Sultan Abd al-Malik, Tuban”.
Tuban is a port in East Java, which was the main harbor during the time
of the Majapahit kingdom.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Not far from here is the Fortress of
Gantarang. Gatarang was one of the strongest pre-Islamic kingdoms, who
built this fortress to ward invaders from Ternate and Buton.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="386" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi10CoJuX-4NrY719atlkmqr-ydG4plWFxlYh22DFBQZndipn6cMbHePUMa4GvIn9JTFSd79Xm1FsSmqtaq5TcpLihC5DTyaLAX6WjmkEuiFDIIHsR22XArrSTFr44TIqkXM_JfgyQ_06E/s640/selayar+islands7.png" width="640" /> </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>How to Get There?</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
To get to Selayar you can travel
overland from Makassar to the town of Tanjung Bira, and take the ferry
to Selayar from here. The sea journey takes two hours. But when the seas
are choppy, ferries do not sail.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
There are air conditioned buses from Makassar, travelling via Bira, where the ferry carries passengers and bus to Salayar.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Copy From : www.topindonesiaholidays.com/</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4062123038045240247.post-22608593657131367132016-04-01T01:40:00.001-07:002016-04-03T01:17:58.278-07:00Latuppa Waterfall Palopo<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4RDvA_vRodJFP_dnxF9qB1MpdTNBrU-O_aqgyrYv7AhYhaHKSOZsf18ivwh2RuGLHcFahyphenhyphen_30hDzAhrGNGU6QnV-58IBtdQsK6A4hdbG8sToMl7EsOCfpp5lC94Gzd2Br-nBxbS1upmk/s1600/latuppa_palopo_1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4RDvA_vRodJFP_dnxF9qB1MpdTNBrU-O_aqgyrYv7AhYhaHKSOZsf18ivwh2RuGLHcFahyphenhyphen_30hDzAhrGNGU6QnV-58IBtdQsK6A4hdbG8sToMl7EsOCfpp5lC94Gzd2Br-nBxbS1upmk/s640/latuppa_palopo_1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGStY-8kg73IiaEHAsBWtm0Y0T_VITNGLMFWeo9EiJICHAh2Dm2V0Oyz60gGE2BIGK-1n8fcd1QY11t5CSUE7t6igWDCB5T78WjQt8HN53pe2nNZyCbf4peQ1QQKG-WnKhnaLqNVtV1hw/s1600/latuppa_palopo_2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGStY-8kg73IiaEHAsBWtm0Y0T_VITNGLMFWeo9EiJICHAh2Dm2V0Oyz60gGE2BIGK-1n8fcd1QY11t5CSUE7t6igWDCB5T78WjQt8HN53pe2nNZyCbf4peQ1QQKG-WnKhnaLqNVtV1hw/s640/latuppa_palopo_2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOjCrLAcDnqX8O_gmVwoHV4e5HYCs-XYddErDEbPLs1weOc9-kfJ6Re9e4Qq_9RY34yL08tWw_abfdyfM4jZrikX4_OD76SA5wWeEvU2neoS8yOuORpaWh9MyFzWBAAWrZ1w84H2q6oqY/s1600/latuppa_palopo_3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOjCrLAcDnqX8O_gmVwoHV4e5HYCs-XYddErDEbPLs1weOc9-kfJ6Re9e4Qq_9RY34yL08tWw_abfdyfM4jZrikX4_OD76SA5wWeEvU2neoS8yOuORpaWh9MyFzWBAAWrZ1w84H2q6oqY/s640/latuppa_palopo_3.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHG4bmPHhn2OAmblOaW5i5MU8QMR7A8BLlR8SeQ6p8BUCh_RFWOPyYe_SnYwnZpkqUmKPxSDU0V3gDOW-qf5_Nfx4fMBaR-sO8Lo2He-nQXraVPr6fuwaaMMFRf5qqC_8hJk6mSI75UO0/s1600/latuppa_palopo_.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHG4bmPHhn2OAmblOaW5i5MU8QMR7A8BLlR8SeQ6p8BUCh_RFWOPyYe_SnYwnZpkqUmKPxSDU0V3gDOW-qf5_Nfx4fMBaR-sO8Lo2He-nQXraVPr6fuwaaMMFRf5qqC_8hJk6mSI75UO0/s640/latuppa_palopo_.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Pict By : Awaluddin TahirAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4062123038045240247.post-51491314091025751062016-04-01T01:31:00.001-07:002016-04-01T01:41:14.834-07:00Somba Opu Street (Shopping Center)<div style="text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="377" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVuMwzE7-B5UjbM7_exlT1XbdocdOGxfxj1siE8K3hMiyD_y19Axsp_zxWavhTyjnBRF1ZI5oCt0pUaXIYHh0cBNJxe61empH6-2FiXf04HmiYCxJGAl6FnrCfJYkHJBXwKEAIzSi6ozU/s640/somba+opu+shopping+center.jpg" width="640" /> </div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL3HEl5eltX5Xkzge3tj_1pASAFKTkld23WoU0jfIvivMZ1J0dWH_zXF4d1eMCakr8Epo58xWbridh0z6GnlLBgaGrh0pCsVyInLeY7NWQHuSZdv4jnyDm_ZoP5OukKqhLPJzqO3sRKnM/s1600/JL.-Somba-opu+shopping.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="332" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL3HEl5eltX5Xkzge3tj_1pASAFKTkld23WoU0jfIvivMZ1J0dWH_zXF4d1eMCakr8Epo58xWbridh0z6GnlLBgaGrh0pCsVyInLeY7NWQHuSZdv4jnyDm_ZoP5OukKqhLPJzqO3sRKnM/s640/JL.-Somba-opu+shopping.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUQzVM_Y-hp-KoQvznSHCmX7O1UZbWGjJ6eIwHDi-W7FR2uJYyv4Ac4VYqWf0OhxziMug-U47tA1ufhmPKdmhMS3s2-4ZULwW2O_xiaMS9Y9perrfud1TzTTu-kuQfmFlmZQ69t44FFWQ/s1600/somba+opu+craft.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="388" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUQzVM_Y-hp-KoQvznSHCmX7O1UZbWGjJ6eIwHDi-W7FR2uJYyv4Ac4VYqWf0OhxziMug-U47tA1ufhmPKdmhMS3s2-4ZULwW2O_xiaMS9Y9perrfud1TzTTu-kuQfmFlmZQ69t44FFWQ/s640/somba+opu+craft.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5uyUZ8WDOQuZ0Hsf4VHSuGmfBfgitb8aB8XJU8f2k9G04sESyTGjp6y5bkF8QjGDw-lf0IXMvvyHNcgZ0oNhZGNi_E7fIMjCtY-mKnAYVnkKucttp5B1jSkl4LAlgJNDY7mmJCUGM_DQ/s1600/somba+opu+street.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5uyUZ8WDOQuZ0Hsf4VHSuGmfBfgitb8aB8XJU8f2k9G04sESyTGjp6y5bkF8QjGDw-lf0IXMvvyHNcgZ0oNhZGNi_E7fIMjCtY-mKnAYVnkKucttp5B1jSkl4LAlgJNDY7mmJCUGM_DQ/s640/somba+opu+street.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqnGvX0aecM9Bkm7EaOx8-BIc2TCH5dhhggS6CVeGmDYIb2PRU_7MyFcTueS4IJxXXepm4rPzuQYGuytnIe83BmzsOIZ7DLelNQw1PIp9DL17pE3SUDg_0y6uX3b3j4ygyyhbRuAj61bk/s1600/sombaopu8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqnGvX0aecM9Bkm7EaOx8-BIc2TCH5dhhggS6CVeGmDYIb2PRU_7MyFcTueS4IJxXXepm4rPzuQYGuytnIe83BmzsOIZ7DLelNQw1PIp9DL17pE3SUDg_0y6uX3b3j4ygyyhbRuAj61bk/s640/sombaopu8.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4062123038045240247.post-30911932302940266672016-04-01T00:11:00.003-07:002016-04-03T01:41:00.074-07:00Losari Beach MakassarLosari beach or also known as Pantai Losari is located in the capital city of Makassar in South Sulawesi, Some people say that Losari is a very beautiful beach to see the sunset. Formerly, the beach was once dubbed as the beach that has the longest table in Indonesia, possibly the world. Because of the stalls that lined the shore. But now, the stalls have been moved to a place not so far from Losari. The steps taken by the City Government of Makassar on Sulawesi that attraction is comfortable and clean. <br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxCWKFWqP4r3fSwLR0pqXHf0tOA32Wi3EDbxnldcCRsVtLMMeZ6fYqowwEJlXQhCuQdkKoNVn4mgdvpqQyhMCvBA1HyIo6dGhQg_nX47D3RaQc3UtYqmbxsNUE4lO8QgHlBM8SK-Yl3js/s1600/losari+beach.png" /></div>
<br />
<span class="" id="result_box" lang="en"><b>Location and Access</b><br /><br />Losari is situated in the heart of Makassar, South Sulawesi. If you are from Soekarno Hatta Makassar port, it only takes about 15 minutes by <span class="">private car or public</span> <span class="">transport</span>. If you are <span class="">from Hasanuddin Airport</span>, <span class="">the trip</span> can be reached <span class="">within 45 minutes</span><span class="">.</span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhep1M5e4pmvCwGdUXickpKoZYQ_SBHjhUjmz6cJII4Js_G3clnnSsfy9xmSCtu-gDPjhQuatu8wmehd4EqGHDp8_1Y3uDZf7uhJzbWWZrk6GGDvKLLxuoMgw8DjvBsfw5UKTpcuCkKXgo/s1600/losari+beach2.png" /></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtbygzZO-lG3hRYRFcNm1AR43ClfS3K7o7ZWDrMnedDbbyky9EJfT0PE7Hs7PuAMyq_kt3jB2BOXtK8jT608eIPFtEiKOEK3QN29LPYt0RHlMj1BTBL7t0FjYejrbIg2z073PJRtnVvas/s640/losari+beach3.png" width="640" /></div>
<br />
Losari is also often used as a place to exercise. Many people have come to Losari to go jogging because of the cool air and the gentle wind, especially on Sunday morning.
Facilities and Accommodation
Facilities offered at Losari not much different from most beaches in general. What is interesting is the facility of Free WiFi!. There is also a floating mosque in Losari which has two 9-meter diameter dome. You can climb to the top of the dome through two side stairs that surround the mosque and then be able to use the place for recreation and rest with wind gusts beach.<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLGTwPGKrUbXo51zQ4RQiO6kXX02tI1Sv9zbDE1ZCTgf9wDYYGTb1QjMw6yScmEspDjx4PzeqfGxwN287pnsfNXKVY_7yTKJP2yxpkbDTXLpHllvUHTZ6a6-g3a5H-FsYltfEA6EN2WcY/s640/losari+beach4.png" width="640" /> </div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="435" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQnDXj49um1yOAuVHh-4NKcZ6KWsE1O6zE1RVlEbmoccHbgxdLVv4kTwZYQlhWH8KcnqWbgrG2-4ONNbH5dkFFO1VylEZePlOn6gMb1-EC7ukRdLGAcrGlyFyYe6XHBTW9h6nN0YH7q2w/s640/losari+beach+at+the+night.png" width="640" /></div>
<br />
Losari Beach also features a variety of public transport like rickshaws, taxis, buses, and so on. The transport can use to get around along Losari. Thanks to the location of the beach is in the heart of the city, you do not have to bother looking for a place to stay. Many beaches around the inn a variety of classes, from the homeless to star hotels. Some hotels near Losari recommended that Aryaduta Makassar and Makassar Golden Hotel.<br />
<br />
You do not need to pay admission to get into Losari.<br />
<br />
<b>Tips</b><br />
<br />
Don't forget to capture the moment with a picture taken at Losari backgrounds giant inscription "Losari".<br />
<br />
The recommended time to visit Losari at around 15:00 to 21:00.<br />
<br />
Every Sunday morning, a variety of snacks and traditional meals available at Losari, such as chicken porridge, mung bean porridge, empek-empek Palembang, pallu butung ice, ice green bananas, chicken soup, 'gado-gado vegetable or rice cake. For those of you who will not need to spend tasting deep, simply by Rp 4,000 to Rp 6,000 per portion for each dish breakfast this morning.Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4062123038045240247.post-81166246804979257082016-03-30T19:31:00.002-07:002016-04-01T00:47:59.740-07:00Gorontalo<b></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU2kv3DY2nNl4w3JVKsKghhyphenhyphenpoKxeNg-8DSiQsi5ung7nwNdxdntNaWWSEiCTul8IwHS7Snxly1l0gCy7PAVtybPSAt3CWjwRIUsW_TTd5Khd85fcqauLXQnYZn5-TS7k_W17w-XcwonQ/s1600/Gorontalo.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="414" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU2kv3DY2nNl4w3JVKsKghhyphenhyphenpoKxeNg-8DSiQsi5ung7nwNdxdntNaWWSEiCTul8IwHS7Snxly1l0gCy7PAVtybPSAt3CWjwRIUsW_TTd5Khd85fcqauLXQnYZn5-TS7k_W17w-XcwonQ/s640/Gorontalo.png" width="640" /></a></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b> <b> </b></b></div>
<br />
<b>Gorontalo</b> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <span lang="id"><i>Gorontalo</i></span>) is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">province</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. It is located in the northern tip of the island of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a> on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minahassa_Peninsula" title="Minahassa Peninsula">Minahassa Peninsula</a>.
The province's population was 1,040,164 at the 2010 census, and the
latest estimate (for January 2014) is 1,134,498; its capital is the city
of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo_%28city%29" title="Gorontalo (city)">Gorontalo</a>.<br />
The province was established in December 2000 being split off from the province of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Sulawesi" title="North Sulawesi">North Sulawesi</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-uu38.2F2000_2-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#cite_note-uu38.2F2000-2">[2]</a></sup><br />
<div class="toc" id="toc">
<div id="toctitle">
<h2>
Contents</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div class="toc" id="toc">
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#Etymology"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#Geography"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Geography</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#History"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#Administrative_divisions"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Administrative divisions</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#Tourism"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Tourism</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#Sumalata_Waters_Reserve"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Sumalata Waters Reserve</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#Limboto_Lake"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Limboto Lake</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Etymology">Etymology</span></h2>
There are several hypothesis about the etymology of the name <i>Gorontalo</i>.:<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-gorontaloetym_3-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#cite_note-gorontaloetym-3">[3]</a></sup><br />
<ul>
<li>from <i>Hulontalangio</i>, the name of a tribe that resided in the area</li>
<li>from <i>Hua Lolontalango</i>, which means <i>cavemen who used to walk back and forth</i></li>
<li>from <i>Hulutalangi</i>, which means <i>nobler</i></li>
<li>from <i>Huluo Lo Tola</i>, which means <i>a place where snakehead fish breed</i></li>
<li>from <i>Pongolatalo</i> or <i>Pohulatalo</i>, which means: <i>a waiting place</i></li>
<li>from <i>Gunung Telu</i>, which means <i>three mountains</i></li>
<li>from <i>Hunto</i>, which means <i>a place that is always flowed by water</i></li>
</ul>
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Geography">Geography</span></h2>
Gorontalo lies on the northern <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a> arm, known as the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minahasa_Peninsula" title="Minahasa Peninsula">Minahasa Peninsula</a>.
The province has an elongated shape area, stretching from west to east
almost horizontally on a map, with total area of 11,257.07 km<sup>2</sup> (4,346.38 sq mi).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-gorontalogeo_4-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#cite_note-gorontalogeo-4">[4]</a></sup> To the north and the south of the province are the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi_Sea" title="Sulawesi Sea">Sulawesi Sea</a> and the <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gulf_of_Gorontalo_or_known_as_Gulf_of_Tomini&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Gulf of Gorontalo or known as Gulf of Tomini (page does not exist)">Gulf of Gorontalo or known as Gulf of Tomini</a>, respectively. Prior to 2000, Gorontalo province was part of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Sulawesi" title="North Sulawesi">North Sulawesi</a> province which lies on the eastern border.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-uu38.2F2000_2-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#cite_note-uu38.2F2000-2">[2]</a></sup> The western border of the province is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi" title="Central Sulawesi">Central Sulawesi</a> province.<br />
Topography of the province is relatively low (0—40<sup>o</sup>), with
the elevation ranging between 0—2,400 m (7,900 ft) above sea level. Its
coastline length is more than 590 km (370 mi). Counting the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_Economic_Zone" title="Exclusive Economic Zone">Exclusive Economic Zone</a> to the north where <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> is at the border, the total sea area of the province is more than 50,500 km<sup>2</sup> (19,500 sq mi).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-gorontalogeo_4-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#cite_note-gorontalogeo-4">[4]</a></sup> There are some small islands around the north and the south of the province, 67 of which have been identified and named.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-gorontalogeo_4-2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#cite_note-gorontalogeo-4">[4]</a></sup><br />
Its population has grown from 833,500 in the 2000 census to about 1,040,000 at the 2010 census,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> with nearly half the population residing in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo_Regency" title="Gorontalo Regency">Gorontalo Regency</a> or Gorontalo City.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2>
In 1525, with Portuguese assistance, three small rock forts were
built overlooking the waters of Lake Limboto. Still in place today, the
Fort Otonaha complex has commanding views. The Spanish also entered the
area in limited numbers via the Philippines during the mid-16th century.
They introduced corn, tomatoes, chili peppers, horses, and the
afternoon siesta to Gorontalo, all of which are an integral part of life
there today.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Dutch under the aegis of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a>
(VOC) worked to wrest control of the lucrative spice trade away from
the Sultanate of Ternate and push out all other European competitors.
Gradually, the Dutch gained political control and ended the power of the
local kings.<br />
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Portret_van_de_raja_assistent-resident_en_hoofden_Gorontalo_Sulawesi_TMnr_10020859.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="561" data-file-width="700" height="176" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Portret_van_de_raja_assistent-resident_en_hoofden_Gorontalo_Sulawesi_TMnr_10020859.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Portret_van_de_raja_assistent-resident_en_hoofden_Gorontalo_Sulawesi_TMnr_10020859.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Raja, assistant resident, and leaders (1874)</div>
</div>
</div>
The people of Gorontalo achieved independence from Dutch rule in
1942. This was partly through the efforts of the guerrilla/freedom
fighter and local hero Nani Wartabone, who forced out the occupying
Japanese during World War II. Since the city escaped Allied bombing
during the war, a number of Dutch-era buildings are still standing.
Although many are in poor condition, Gorontalo City has a distinctive
colonial appearance.<br />
After Indonesia proclaimed its independence, Gorontalo became part of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Sulawesi" title="North Sulawesi">North Sulawesi</a> province, but was split away from North Sulawesi in 2000.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 302px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Governor_Office_of_Gorontalo_Province.JPG"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="2592" data-file-width="3872" height="201" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Governor_Office_of_Gorontalo_Province.JPG/300px-Governor_Office_of_Gorontalo_Province.JPG" width="300" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 302px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Governor office of Gorontalo Province (2010).</div>
</div>
</div>
The governor and vice-governor, who are elected directly by the
people, head the provincial administration. The province is divided into
five <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regencies_of_Indonesia" title="Regencies of Indonesia">regencies</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <span lang="id"><i>kabupaten</i></span>) and only one <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cities_of_Indonesia" title="Cities of Indonesia">city</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <span lang="id"><i>kota</i></span>).
When the province was established in 2000, there were only two
regencies and the city in the province. Splitting of regencies occurred
in 2003 (when Pohuwato Regency was created from the western part of
Boalemo Regency, and Bone Bolango Regency was created from the eastern
part of Gorontalo Regency) and 2007 (when North Gorontalo Regency was
created from the northern part of Gorontalo Regency).<br />
As of 2010, the list of regencies and cities in Gorontalo province is given in the table below.<br />
<table class="wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter" style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Name</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Capital</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Est.</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Established<br />
by Statute</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Area (km²)</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Population<br />
Census 2010</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Population<br />
Estimate 2014</th>
</tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo_%28city%29" title="Gorontalo (city)">Gorontalo</a> City</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>1959</td>
<td>UU 29/1959</td>
<td align="right">79.59</td>
<td align="right">180,127</td>
<td align="right">196,464</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boalemo_Regency" title="Boalemo Regency">Boalemo Regency</a></td>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilamuta" title="Tilamuta">Tilamuta</a></td>
<td>1999</td>
<td>UU 50/1999</td>
<td align="right">1,521.88</td>
<td align="right">129,253</td>
<td align="right">140,975</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Bolango_Regency" title="Bone Bolango Regency">Bone Bolango Regency</a></td>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwawa" title="Suwawa">Suwawa</a></td>
<td>2003</td>
<td>UU 6/2003</td>
<td align="right">1,984.31</td>
<td align="right">141,915</td>
<td align="right">154,785</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo_Regency" title="Gorontalo Regency">Gorontalo Regency</a></td>
<td><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limboto" title="Limboto">Limboto</a></td>
<td>1959</td>
<td>UU 29/1959</td>
<td align="right">1,750.83</td>
<td align="right">355,988</td>
<td align="right">388,273</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Gorontalo_Regency" title="North Gorontalo Regency">North Gorontalo Regency</a><br />
(Gorontalo Utara)</td>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwandang" title="Kwandang">Kwandang</a></td>
<td>2007</td>
<td>UU 11/2007</td>
<td align="right">1,676.15</td>
<td align="right">104,133</td>
<td align="right">113,577</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohuwato_Regency" title="Pohuwato Regency">Pohuwato Regency</a></td>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marisa_%28town%29" title="Marisa (town)">Marisa</a></td>
<td>2003</td>
<td>UU 6/2003</td>
<td align="right">4,244.31</td>
<td align="right">128,748</td>
<td align="right">140,424</td>
</tr>
</tbody><tfoot></tfoot></table>
<div style="margin-top: 0px;">
<small>Note: * A city and also the provincial capital.</small></div>
<table class="toccolours" style="border-spacing: 0; clear: right; float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; width: 15em;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="font-size: 110%; padding: 0.25em;">Historical population</th>
</tr>
<tr style="font-size: 95%;">
<th style="border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 1px; width: 3em;">Year</th>
<th style="border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 1px 2px; text-align: right;"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th>
<th style="border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 1px; text-align: right;"><abbr title="Percent change">±%</abbr></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th style="padding: 1px; text-align: center;">2000</th>
<td style="padding: 1px; text-align: right;">835,044</td>
<td style="padding: 1px; text-align: right;">— </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th style="padding: 1px; text-align: center;">2010</th>
<td style="padding: 1px; text-align: right;">1,040,164</td>
<td style="padding: 1px; text-align: right;">+24.6%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="border-top: 1px solid black; font-size: 85%; text-align: left;">Source: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics_Indonesia" title="Statistics Indonesia">Statistics Indonesia</a> 2010</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Tourism">Tourism</span></h2>
Tourist sites in the province include:<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup><br />
<ul>
<li>Taruna Remaja Square (Old Town)</li>
<li>The 2,000 Stairs</li>
<li>Museum of Sukarno's Landing at Lake Limboto</li>
<li>Bubohu Bongo religious excursion village</li>
<li>Maleo bird sanctuary and Nani Wartabone National Park</li>
<li>Otanaha Forts</li>
<li>Saronde Island</li>
<li>Lombongo Thermal Pool and Waterfall</li>
<li>Olele Natural Reserve</li>
</ul>
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Sumalata_Waters_Reserve">Sumalata Waters Reserve</span></h2>
The islands of Pepaya, Mas and Raja islands, located in the Sumalata
Waters in North Gorontalo, have been named a nature reserve since the
Dutch colonial time in 1936. Four of the only seven species of turtles
can be found in the islands, the world's best turtle habitat. They
include Penyu Hijau (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_sea_turtle" title="Green sea turtle">Chelonia midas</a>), Penyu Sisik (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawksbill_sea_turtle" title="Hawksbill sea turtle">Eretmochelys imbricata</a>), Penyu Tempayan (<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caretta_caretta" title="Caretta caretta">Caretta caretta</a>) and Penyu Belimbing (<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermochelys_coriacea" title="Dermochelys coriacea">Dermochelys coriacea</a>).
In 2011, the habitat was threatened by human activities such as illegal
poaching and fish bombing activities; furthermore a lot of coral reefs,
which represent a source of food for turtles, have been damaged.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4062123038045240247.post-46584344326278210062016-03-29T15:18:00.001-07:002016-04-01T00:56:21.999-07:00North Sulawesi<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOaGgPv1pJgXe8Ya_5J5Q09bBVdJRh1e4RJBQSGdR4qy7atXGaCYhYFxAXGDsrFokuWp-9CBqNJEsHW4CkNZJ0q80DqBcGf3G4QAvH2zMhGFf-UsJNlNvfDDADrbIDnCkrTAyG8OOeQmU/s1600/North+Sulawesi.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="476" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOaGgPv1pJgXe8Ya_5J5Q09bBVdJRh1e4RJBQSGdR4qy7atXGaCYhYFxAXGDsrFokuWp-9CBqNJEsHW4CkNZJ0q80DqBcGf3G4QAvH2zMhGFf-UsJNlNvfDDADrbIDnCkrTAyG8OOeQmU/s640/North+Sulawesi.png" width="640" /></a></b></div>
<br />
<br />
<b>North Sulawesi</b> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <span lang="id"><i>Sulawesi Utara</i></span>) is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">province</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. It is located on the northern peninsula of the island of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a>, on the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minahasa_Peninsula" title="Minahasa Peninsula">Minahasa Peninsula</a>. The province's capital and largest city is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manado" title="Manado">Manado</a>, and its population was 2,270,596 according to the 2010 census;<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Sulawesi#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> the latest official estimate (for January 2014) is 2,382,941.<br />
<table style="background: none; width: 100%;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"><br /></td>
<td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"><a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:North_Sulawesi_Emblem.svg" title="Official seal of North Sulawesi"></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4062123038045240247.post-11884985610659889002016-03-29T15:00:00.003-07:002016-04-01T00:49:25.957-07:00West Sulawesi<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV7xYM9Z8KuDoPTodjRL3iu1YOL3dfyRAmDnmdJ_pMPVDK3hIMMVz-JkPCnn7ewnt61LVLLWR5bCrgoXPeGgqpW79GHd2t1I19Yd_QaAa3vyw0Qdbd5IDToDjMJ3wPa3uEUuvHapT_cB8/s1600/west+sulawesi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV7xYM9Z8KuDoPTodjRL3iu1YOL3dfyRAmDnmdJ_pMPVDK3hIMMVz-JkPCnn7ewnt61LVLLWR5bCrgoXPeGgqpW79GHd2t1I19Yd_QaAa3vyw0Qdbd5IDToDjMJ3wPa3uEUuvHapT_cB8/s640/west+sulawesi.jpg" width="448" /></a></div>
<b></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b></b></div>
<br />
<b>West Sulawesi</b> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <span lang="id"><i>Sulawesi Barat</i></span>) is a <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Province_of_Indonesia" title="Province of Indonesia">province of Indonesia</a>. It is located in the western of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a> island. Its capital is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamuju_%28city%29" title="Mamuju (city)">Mamuju</a> and the 2010 Census recorded a population of 1,158,651; the latest official estimate (for January 2014) is 1,284,620.<br />
The province was established in 2004 and used to be part of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sulawesi" title="South Sulawesi">South Sulawesi</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><br />
<div class="toc" id="toc">
<div id="toctitle">
<h2>
Contents</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div class="toc" id="toc">
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sulawesi#Geography"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Geography</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sulawesi#Demographics"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Demographics</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sulawesi#Economy"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Economy</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sulawesi#Administrative_divisions"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Administrative divisions</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sulawesi#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Geography">Geography</span></h2>
It is on the Sulawesi (formerly Celebes) and includes the regencies (<i>kabupaten</i>)
of Polewali Mandar, Mamasa, Majene, Mamuju, and Mamuju Utara, which
used to be part of South Sulawesi. The area of the province is
16,796.19 km<sup>2</sup>.<br />
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Demographics">Demographics</span></h3>
Its population as 2010 census is 1,158,651 increasing at 2.67%
annually. Of those 171,356 are classified as below the poverty line of
Indonesia.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sulawesi#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup><br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Economy">Economy</span></h2>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Drie_vrouwen_en_twee_jongens_uit_Mandar_West-Sulawesi_verkopen_houtskool_%28arang%29_TMnr_10002680.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="476" data-file-width="700" height="150" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Drie_vrouwen_en_twee_jongens_uit_Mandar_West-Sulawesi_verkopen_houtskool_%28arang%29_TMnr_10002680.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Drie_vrouwen_en_twee_jongens_uit_Mandar_West-Sulawesi_verkopen_houtskool_%28arang%29_TMnr_10002680.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Three women and two boys from West Sulawesi sell <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charcoal" title="Charcoal">charcoal</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Colonial period</a>, 1937.</div>
</div>
</div>
Its economy consists mainly of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mining</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">fishing</a>. Its capital is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamuju_%28city%29" title="Mamuju (city)">Mamuju</a>.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</span></h2>
West Sulawesi Province is divided into six <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regencies_of_Indonesia" title="Regencies of Indonesia">regencies</a>, listed below with their (provisional) populations at the 2010 Census.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sulawesi#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup><br />
A sixth regency - <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Mamuju_Regency" title="Central Mamuju Regency">Central Mamuju Regency</a> (<i>Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah</i>) - has subsequently been cut out of the existing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamuju_Regency" title="Mamuju Regency">Mamuju Regency</a> on 14 December 2012; its administrative capital is <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tobadak&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Tobadak (page does not exist)">Tobadak</a>. The area and population are included in the figures for Mamuju Residency given above.<br />
ethnic groups 1. the mandar 2. the buginese 3. the torajan<br />
<table class="sortable wikitable jquery-tablesorter">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Name</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Area (km<sup>2</sup>)</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Population<br />
Census 2010</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Population<br />
Estimate 2014</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Capital</th>
</tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Mamuju_Regency" title="Central Mamuju Regency">Central Mamuju Regency</a></td>
<td align="right">included in<br />
Mamuju Regency</td>
<td align="right">included in<br />
Mamuju Regency</td>
<td align="right">included in<br />
Mamuju Regency</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tobadak&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Tobadak (page does not exist)">Tobadak</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majene_Regency" title="Majene Regency">Majene Regency</a></td>
<td align="right">947.84</td>
<td align="right">151,107</td>
<td align="right">167,535</td>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majene" title="Majene">Majene</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamasa_Regency" title="Mamasa Regency">Mamasa Regency</a></td>
<td align="right">3,005.88</td>
<td align="right">140,082</td>
<td align="right">155,312</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mamasa&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Mamasa (page does not exist)">Mamasa</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamuju_Regency" title="Mamuju Regency">Mamuju Regency</a></td>
<td align="right">8,014.06</td>
<td align="right">336,973</td>
<td align="right">373,609</td>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamuju_%28city%29" title="Mamuju (city)">Mamuju</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Mamuju_Regency" title="North Mamuju Regency">North Mamuju Regency</a><br />
(Mamuju Utara)</td>
<td align="right">3,043.75</td>
<td align="right">134,369</td>
<td align="right">148,978</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pasangkayu&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Pasangkayu (page does not exist)">Pasangkayu</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polewali_Mandar_Regency" title="Polewali Mandar Regency">Polewali Mandar Regency</a></td>
<td align="right">1,775.65</td>
<td align="right">396,120</td>
<td align="right">439,186</td>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polewali" title="Polewali">Polewali</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><i>Total Province</i></td>
<td align="right">16,787.18</td>
<td align="right">1,158,651</td>
<td align="right">1,284,620</td>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamuju_%28city%29" title="Mamuju (city)">Mamuju</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4062123038045240247.post-72938199503036759432016-03-29T14:56:00.002-07:002016-04-01T00:43:38.253-07:00Central Sulawesi<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8pNNiFK0V26VYoHo9xyzvwpSM6E5A3zCvkOg8sT4JJ4LcKWRNrbiIQQw2olEd9asSI12keBL7l04Hb26g3Q_JquFB5jX3Oqeq1_y75aBOayWuAvNI4eUjCSRCsqoZGJWI5SFEjY_bPvM/s1600/central+sulawesi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8pNNiFK0V26VYoHo9xyzvwpSM6E5A3zCvkOg8sT4JJ4LcKWRNrbiIQQw2olEd9asSI12keBL7l04Hb26g3Q_JquFB5jX3Oqeq1_y75aBOayWuAvNI4eUjCSRCsqoZGJWI5SFEjY_bPvM/s640/central+sulawesi.jpg" width="610" /></a></b></div>
<br />
<br />
<b>Central Sulawesi</b> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a> <i>Sulawesi Tengah</i>) is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">province</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> located at the centre of the island of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a>. Its capital and largest city is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palu" title="Palu">Palu</a>.
The 2010 census recorded a population of 2,633,420 for the province,
while the latest official estimate (for January 2014) is 2,839,290.<br />
Established in 1964, Central Sulawesi has an area of 61,841.29 km<sup>2</sup> (23,877 sq mi).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> It is bordered by the provinces of <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontalo_%28province%29" title="Gorontalo (province)">Gorontalo</a> to the north, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sulawesi" title="West Sulawesi">West Sulawesi</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sulawesi" title="South Sulawesi">South Sulawesi</a> and <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_East_Sulawesi" title="South East Sulawesi">South East Sulawesi</a> to the south, by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku</a> to the east, and by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassar_Strait" title="Makassar Strait">Makassar Strait</a> to the west.<br />
<div class="toc" id="toc">
<div id="toctitle">
<h2>
Contents</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div class="toc" id="toc">
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#Administrative_divisions"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Administrative divisions</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#Demographics"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Demographics</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#Population"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Population</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#Economy"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Economy</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#Seaweed_production"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Seaweed production</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#Tourism"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Tourism</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#Lore_Lindu_National_Park"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Lore Lindu National Park</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#Paragliding_Open_Tournament"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Paragliding Open Tournament</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tokalalaea_Megalith_2007.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="768" data-file-width="1024" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Tokalalaea_Megalith_2007.jpg/220px-Tokalalaea_Megalith_2007.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Megalithic stone in Central Sulawesi</div>
</div>
</div>
There are over 400 granite <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalith" title="Megalith">megaliths</a>
in the area of the Lore Lindu National Park, of which around 30
represent human forms. They vary in size from a few centimetres to
approximately 4.5 metres (15 ft). The original purpose of the megaliths
is unknown.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-National_Geographic_2-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#cite_note-National_Geographic-2">[2]</a></sup> Other megaliths are in form of large pots (<i>Kalamba</i>) and stone plates (<i>Tutu'na</i>). Various archaeological studies have dated the carvings from between 3000 BC to 1300 AD.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Jakarta_Post_3-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#cite_note-Jakarta_Post-3">[3]</a></sup><br />
Central Sulawesi Province has many caves, seven of which have ancient
pictures and, based on 2011 research by a joint Indonesian and
Australian team, the pictures are known to have been drawn at least
40,000 years ago (about the same age as pictures found in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caves_of_Monte_Castillo" title="Caves of Monte Castillo">Caves of Monte Castillo</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> which are known as the oldest ancient pictures in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup><br />
Islam reached the region in the 17th Century, shortly after the
Islamic avowal of Gowa, the powerful kingdom at the South part of the
Sulawesi island. The Dutch colonial rule was established in the 18th
Century and began the protestantic missionary of the population. About a
quarter of them are now Protestant, which is the highest percentage of
the Indonesien archipelago. After the Japanese occupation in the Second
world war, the Region belonged to the Province North Sulawesi and
separated in 1964 to the new formed Province Central Sulawesi.<br />
Between 1999 and 2001 the region has been plagued by inter-religious
violence between Muslims and Christians, where over 1,000 people were
killed.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-religious_conflict_5-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#cite_note-religious_conflict-5">[5]</a></sup> The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malino_II_Accord" title="Malino II Accord">Malino II Accord</a>
was thus made in 2001. However, riots erupted again in September 2006
on the Christian dominated areas of Central Sulawesi, after the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Execution_by_firing_squad" title="Execution by firing squad">execution by firing squad</a>
of three Roman Catholics convicted of leading Christian militants
during the violence of the early first decade of the 21st century.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BBC_6-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#cite_note-BBC-6">[6]</a></sup> The riots appeared to be aimed at government authorities, not Muslims.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BBC_6-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#cite_note-BBC-6">[6]</a></sup><br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</span></h2>
Central Sulawesi is divided into twelve <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regencies_of_Indonesia" title="Regencies of Indonesia">regencies</a> (<i>kabupaten</i>) and one <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cities_of_Indonesia" title="Cities of Indonesia">city</a> (<i>kota</i>), which are listed below with their populations at the 2010 Census and according to the latest (for January 2014) estimates.<br />
<table class="sortable wikitable jquery-tablesorter">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Name</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Area (km<sup>2</sup>)</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Population<br />
Census 2000</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Population<br />
Census 2010</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Population<br />
Estimate 2014</th>
<th class="headerSort" role="columnheader button" tabindex="0" title="Sort ascending">Capital</th>
</tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palu" title="Palu">Palu</a> (city)</td>
<td align="right">395.06</td>
<td align="right">269,083</td>
<td align="right">335,297</td>
<td align="right">362,621</td>
<td>Palu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banggai_Regency" title="Banggai Regency">Banggai Regency</a></td>
<td align="right"><br /></td>
<td align="right">271,725</td>
<td align="right">323,872</td>
<td align="right">348,715</td>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luwuk" title="Luwuk">Luwuk</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banggai_Islands_Regency" title="Banggai Islands Regency">Banggai Islands Regency</a></td>
<td align="right"><br /></td>
<td align="right">141,175</td>
<td align="right">171,685</td>
<td align="right">184,933</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salakan&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Salakan (page does not exist)">Salakan</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banggai_Laut_Regency" title="Banggai Laut Regency">Banggai Laut Regency</a></td>
<td align="right"><br /></td>
<td align="right">included in<br />
Banggai Islands<br />
Regency</td>
<td align="right">included in<br />
Banggai Islands<br />
Regency</td>
<td align="right">included in<br />
Banggai Islands<br />
Regency</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Banggai_%28city%29&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Banggai (city) (page does not exist)">Banggai</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buol_Regency" title="Buol Regency">Buol Regency</a></td>
<td align="right"><br /></td>
<td align="right">98,005</td>
<td align="right">132,381</td>
<td align="right">142,589</td>
<td><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buol_%28city%29" title="Buol (city)">Buol</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donggala_Regency" title="Donggala Regency">Donggala Regency</a></td>
<td align="right">10,472</td>
<td align="right">732,126</td>
<td align="right">277,236</td>
<td align="right">299,143</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Banawa,_Sulawesi&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Banawa, Sulawesi (page does not exist)">Banawa</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morowali_Regency" title="Morowali Regency">Morowali Regency</a></td>
<td align="right"><br /></td>
<td align="right">160,797</td>
<td align="right">206,189</td>
<td align="right">222,317</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bungku&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Bungku (page does not exist)">Bungku</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Morowali_Regency" title="North Morowali Regency">North Morowali Regency</a></td>
<td align="right"><br /></td>
<td align="right">included in<br />
Morowali<br />
Regency</td>
<td align="right">included in<br />
Morowali<br />
Regency</td>
<td align="right">included in<br />
Morowali<br />
Regency</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kolonodale&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kolonodale (page does not exist)">Kolonodale</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parigi_Moutong_Regency" title="Parigi Moutong Regency">Parigi Moutong Regency</a></td>
<td align="right">6,232</td>
<td align="right">*</td>
<td align="right">413,645</td>
<td align="right">445,652</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parigi,_Sulawesi&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Parigi, Sulawesi (page does not exist)">Parigi</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poso_Regency" title="Poso Regency">Poso Regency</a></td>
<td align="right"><br /></td>
<td align="right">232,765</td>
<td align="right">209,252</td>
<td align="right">225,449</td>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poso" title="Poso">Poso</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigi_Regency" title="Sigi Regency">Sigi Regency</a></td>
<td align="right">5,196</td>
<td align="right">*</td>
<td align="right">214,700</td>
<td align="right">231,700</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sigi_Biromaru&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Sigi Biromaru (page does not exist)">Sigi Biromaru</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tojo_Una-Una_Regency" title="Tojo Una-Una Regency">Tojo Una-Una Regency</a></td>
<td align="right"><br /></td>
<td align="right">#</td>
<td align="right">137,880</td>
<td align="right">148,494</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ampana&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Ampana (page does not exist)">Ampana</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toli-Toli_Regency" title="Toli-Toli Regency">Toli-Toli Regency</a></td>
<td align="right"><br /></td>
<td align="right">173,525</td>
<td align="right">211,283</td>
<td align="right">227,677</td>
<td><a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Toli-Toli&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Toli-Toli (page does not exist)">Toli-Toli</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><i>Total Province</i></td>
<td align="right">61,841</td>
<td align="right">2,175,993</td>
<td align="right">2,633,420</td>
<td align="right">2,839,290</td>
<td>Palu</td>
</tr>
</tbody><tfoot></tfoot></table>
<dl><dd>* The 2000 Census populations for Parigi Moutong Regency and Sigi Regency are included in the figure for Donggala Regency.</dd><dd># The 2000 Census population for Tojo Una-Una Regency is included in the figure for Poso Regency.</dd></dl>
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palu" title="Palu">Palu</a> is the provincial capital and the province's largest city. Other towns include <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ampana&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Ampana (page does not exist)">Ampana</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banggai_Regency" title="Banggai Regency">Banggai</a>, <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bungku&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Bungku (page does not exist)">Bungku</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buol_%28city%29" title="Buol (city)">Buol</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donggala" title="Donggala">Donggala</a>, <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kolonodale&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kolonodale (page does not exist)">Kolonodale</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luwuk" title="Luwuk">Luwuk</a>, <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parigi,_Central_Sulawesi&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Parigi, Central Sulawesi (page does not exist)">Parigi</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poso" title="Poso">Poso</a>, and <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Toli-toli&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Toli-toli (page does not exist)">Toli-toli</a>.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Demographics">Demographics</span></h2>
The decennial 2010 census recorded a population of 2,633,420 for the
province, of which 1,349,225 are male. The population grew an average of
1.94% annually from the previous census.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-bps_7-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#cite_note-bps-7">[7]</a></sup> There is some sort of religion interaction problems in this area<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup><br />
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Population">Population</span></h3>
Average annual population growth between 1990 and 2000 was 2.57% and 1.96% from 2000 to 2010.Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4062123038045240247.post-1926411327119845532016-03-29T14:52:00.003-07:002016-04-01T00:44:06.187-07:00South East Sulawesi<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOLWul_kmMH1wE7xBEhocjj_D6EcdMS-MmTREiIY9bNUL0uI6Z4oMFHLfvhv30mDEpvDc-2l_yu3x5l4H8Blww3nYIHFJVT1yHFx6DRrcb6ovVdSDFj79STWyGuYOIc6U4Q5txOCx3-ZE/s1600/south+east+sulawesi+province.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOLWul_kmMH1wE7xBEhocjj_D6EcdMS-MmTREiIY9bNUL0uI6Z4oMFHLfvhv30mDEpvDc-2l_yu3x5l4H8Blww3nYIHFJVT1yHFx6DRrcb6ovVdSDFj79STWyGuYOIc6U4Q5txOCx3-ZE/s640/south+east+sulawesi+province.jpg" width="598" /></a></b></div>
<br />
<br />
<b>Southeast Sulawesi</b> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <span lang="id"><i>Sulawesi Tenggara</i></span>, abbreviation: <i>Sultra</i>) is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">province</a> on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a>, forming the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South-east_Peninsula,_Sulawesi" title="South-east Peninsula, Sulawesi">southeastern peninsula of that island</a>, together with a number of large offshore islands such as <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buton_Island" title="Buton Island">Buton</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muna_Island" title="Muna Island">Muna</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabaena" title="Kabaena">Kabaena</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wowoni_Island" title="Wowoni Island">Wawonii</a>, with smaller islands. The capital is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kendari" title="Kendari">Kendari</a>, on the east coast of the peninsula.<br />
The province has no highway road connecting to the rest of the
island, and the primary transportation link is a ferry across the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Gulf" title="Bone Gulf">Bone Gulf</a> between <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watampone" title="Watampone">Watampone</a> (Bone) in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sulawesi" title="South Sulawesi">South Sulawesi</a> and the port of <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kolaka&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Kolaka (page does not exist)">Kolaka</a> in Southeast Sulawesi.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2>
From the seventeenth century until the early twentieth century, the region was the site of the <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buton_sultanate&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Buton sultanate (page does not exist)">Buton sultanate</a> (Butung).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4062123038045240247.post-22135975720629098242016-03-29T14:38:00.003-07:002016-04-01T00:43:54.478-07:00South Of Sulawesi<table class="wikitable"><tbody>
<tr><th><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieDPsjUkU88OCTYp7Rwl-GKkw9xtVQnqL4qcKcwzLbpUA8PxjvROGIIg2y7cACGPMDmH0eZT_yOpYu4eM23eHr4DGzpVlk6hFcu7SKExMdsQ7UvquFFWfWivm5XUQpYWV2mEhMEyFO-rk/s1600/south+sulawesi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieDPsjUkU88OCTYp7Rwl-GKkw9xtVQnqL4qcKcwzLbpUA8PxjvROGIIg2y7cACGPMDmH0eZT_yOpYu4eM23eHr4DGzpVlk6hFcu7SKExMdsQ7UvquFFWfWivm5XUQpYWV2mEhMEyFO-rk/s640/south+sulawesi.jpg" width="562" /></a></div>
<b> </b><br />
<b>South Sulawesi</b> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <span lang="id"><i>Sulawesi Selatan</i></span>) is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">province</a> in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Peninsula,_Sulawesi" title="South Peninsula, Sulawesi">southern peninsula</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a>. The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selayar_Islands" title="Selayar Islands">Selayar Islands</a> archipelago is also part of the province.</th><th><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix6sTAdWX1sN-jQOdF6qdOBC69XK0XXBD9C2943LZOtMUPhDvGXyUVOwHcEaKrCJeJKnOcJAv8RJ1aE4N-TM0dRe0sc92MOjLKdl7wgHeqmHaypmI8oett35TQ0PYl83jAQj-d2BD94ZM/s1600/prop+sulsel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
</th></tr>
</tbody></table>
The 2010 census estimated the population as 8,032,551 which makes
South Sulawesi the most populous province on the island (46% of the
population of Sulawesi is in South Sulawesi), and the sixth most
populous province in Indonesia.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Geography">Geography</span></h2>
South Sulawesi is located at 4°20'S 120°15'E and covers an area of 45,764.53 square kilometres. The province is bordered by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Sulawesi" title="Central Sulawesi">Central Sulawesi</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sulawesi" title="West Sulawesi">West Sulawesi</a> to the north, the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Bone" title="Gulf of Bone">Gulf of Bone</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Sulawesi" title="Southeast Sulawesi">Southeast Sulawesi</a> to the east, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassar_Strait" title="Makassar Strait">Makassar Strait</a> to the west, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flores_Sea" title="Flores Sea">Flores Sea</a> to the south.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</span></h2>
Five years after independence, the government issued Law No. 21 of
1950, which became the basis of the legal establishment for the Sulawesi
province. Ten years later, the government passed Law No. 47 of 1960
which endorsed the formation of the South/Southeast Sulawesi province.
Four years after that, with Act No. 13 of 1964, the provinces of South
Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi were separated.<br />
Forty years later, the South Sulawesi government was split into two, with the regencies of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majene_Regency" title="Majene Regency">Majene</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamasa_Regency" title="Mamasa Regency">Mamasa</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamuju_Regency" title="Mamuju Regency">Mamuju</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Mamuju_Regency" title="North Mamuju Regency">North Mamuju</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polewali_Mandar_Regency" title="Polewali Mandar Regency">Polewali Mandar</a> were separated off into a new <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sulawesi" title="West Sulawesi">West Sulawesi</a> province on 5 October 2004 under Act No. 26 of 2004.<br />
The remaining South Sulawesi Province is divided into 21 <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regencies_of_Indonesia" title="Regencies of Indonesia">regencies</a> and three independent cities, listed below with their (provisional) populations as of the 2010 Census.<br />
South Sulawesi has a diverse range of ethnic groups. These are the main three:<br />
<ul>
<li>The <b>Buginese</b> (<i>suku Bugis</i>) are the largest ethnic group
in South Sulawesi. These people inhabit the middle of the southern
peninsula of South Sulawesi. Many of these people have migrated to the
outer islands around Sulawesi, even as far as Malaysia.</li>
<li>The <b>Makassarese</b> (<i>suku Makassar</i>) are the second largest
ethnic group in South Sulawesi. Their language is Makassar. Makassar
people inhabit the southern part of the southern peninsula of South
Sulawesi including the Jeneponto, Takalar, Bulukumba, Bantaeng, Gowa,
Maros, and Makassar. The total population is around 3 million people.</li>
<li>The <b>Torajan</b> (<i>suku Toraja</i>) are the indigenous ethnic
group which inhabits the mountainous region of South Sulawesi. Their
population is approximately 650,000, 450,000 of which still live in the
regency of Tana Toraja ("Land of Toraja").</li>
</ul>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Language">Language</span></h3>
There are various languages and dialects spoken in South Sulawesi. Majority of them belongs to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayo-Polynesian_languages" title="Malayo-Polynesian languages">Malayo-Polynesian</a> branch of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian languages</a>. Below is the list of major languages spoken in the province.<br />
<ul>
<li><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassarese_language" title="Makassarese language">Makassarese language</a></b> is a language spoken in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a> and surrounding areas. It has a total of 2.1 million speakers.</li>
<li><b><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugis_language" title="Bugis language">Bugis language</a></b>
is one of the languages spoken in the region up to Pinrang Bone. This
language is the predominant language used by many communities in South
Sulawesi. It is natively spoken by around 5 million people and plus
500,000 second language speakers. Making it one of the most widely
spoken language in both South Sulawesi and the island of Sulawesi.</li>
<li><b><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tae%27_language" title="Tae' language">Tae' language</a></b> is mostly spoken in Tana Luwu. It has 1 million native speakers.</li>
<li><b><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toraja_language" title="Toraja language">Toraja language</a></b> is the native language Tana Toraja. It has a total of 750,000 speakers.</li>
<li><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandar_language" title="Mandar language">Mandar language</a></b> is the language of the Mandar people, that lives in the West Sulawesi province, especially in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamuju_%28city%29" title="Mamuju (city)">Mamuju</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polewali_Mandar" title="Polewali Mandar">Polewali Mandar</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majene" title="Majene">Majene</a> and <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North_Mamuju&action=edit&redlink=1" title="North Mamuju (page does not exist)">North Mamuju</a> Regencies. In addition to the core in the tribal areas, they are also scattered in coastal parts of South Sulawesi, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a>. It is spoken by around 400,000 people.</li>
<li><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duri_language" title="Duri language">Duri language</a></b> is a language spoken in the north of <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Bambapuang&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Mount Bambapuang (page does not exist)">Mount Bambapuang</a>, <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Enrekang&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Enrekang (page does not exist)">Enrekang</a> and into the border of Tana Toraja. There are an estimated around 130,000 native speakers. It is the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prestige_dialect" title="Prestige dialect">prestige variety</a> of Masenrempulu languages.</li>
<li><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konjo_language_%28Sulawesi%29" title="Konjo language (Sulawesi)">Konjo language</a></b>
is divided into two groups, the Coastal Konjo and the Mountain Konjo
language. The Coastal Konjo live in coastal areas, notably the Bulukumba
area, in the southeastern corner of the southern part of the island of
Sulawesi. The Mountain Konjo live in the mountains of southeastern
Sulawesi, around Bawakaraen. It has a total of almost 300,000 native
speakers.</li>
</ul>
<div class="barbox tright" style="background: white; border: 1px solid silver; font-size: 88%; padding: 0.4em; width: auto;">
<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th colspan="5">Religion in South Sulawesi - 2010 Census<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-sp2010.bps.go.id_2-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sulawesi#cite_note-sp2010.bps.go.id-2">[2]</a></sup></th>
</tr>
<tr style="font-size: 88%; height: 4px;">
<td style="padding: 0 4px;">religion</td>
<td style="padding: 0 4px; text-align: right;"><br /></td>
<td style="width: 100px;"><br /></td>
<td style="padding: 0 4px; text-align: right; width: 1em;">percent</td>
<td style="padding: 0 4px; text-align: right;"><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="min-width: 8em; padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td>
<td style="border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver; width: 100px;"><div style="background: LimeGreen; overflow: hidden; width: 89.62%;">
</div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">89.62%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="min-width: 8em; padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a></td>
<td style="border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver; width: 100px;"><div style="background: OrangeRed; overflow: hidden; width: 7.62%;">
</div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">7.62%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="min-width: 8em; padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em;"><a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a></td>
<td style="border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver; width: 100px;"><div style="background: DarkViolet; overflow: hidden; width: 1.54%;">
</div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.54%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="min-width: 8em; padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td>
<td style="border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver; width: 100px;"><div style="background: DodgerBlue; overflow: hidden; width: 0.72%;">
</div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.72%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="min-width: 8em; padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></td>
<td style="border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver; width: 100px;"><div style="background: Magenta; overflow: hidden; width: 0.24%;">
</div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.24%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="min-width: 8em; padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a></td>
<td style="border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver; width: 100px;"><div style="background: DodgerBlue; overflow: hidden; width: 0.004%;">
</div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.004%</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
South Sulawesi recorded 8,032,551 people in the decennial 2010 census, having a growth rate of 1.17 percent over the adjusted <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia_2000_census" title="Indonesia 2000 census">Indonesia 2000 census</a> figure, less than the national average of 1.49 percent. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Sulawesi" title="West Sulawesi">West Sulawesi</a>
split off from South Sulawesi in 2004. There were 3,921,543 males and
4,111,008 females with 1,848,132 housing units with average of 4.34
people per unit versus national average of 3.86. Some 13.3 percent of
the population was under the national poverty line.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sulawesi#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup><br />
<ul>
<li>The Human Development Index (HDI) for South Sulawesi in 2008 reached 70.22.</li>
<li>Life expectancy was 69.60 in 2008.</li>
<li>Poor population was at 12.31 percent in 2009, amounting to 963.6 thousand persons.</li>
<li>There was an unemployment rate of 8.90 percent in 2009, amounting to 296,559 people.</li>
</ul>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Religion">Religion</span></h3>
The main religion in South Sulawesi is Islam at 89.62% (7,200,938).
Other major religions include Protestantism 7.62% (612,751), Roman
Catholicism 1.54% (124,255), Buddhism 0.24% (19,867), Hinduism 0.72%
(58,393), and Confucianism 0.004% (367).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sulawesi#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup><br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Huis_Zuid-Celebes_TMnr_10027864.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="502" data-file-width="700" height="158" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Huis_Zuid-Celebes_TMnr_10027864.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Huis_Zuid-Celebes_TMnr_10027864.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
A village in South Sulawesi 1929</div>
</div>
</div>
Sulawesi was first inhabited by humans about 30,000 years ago. The
archaeological remains of the earliest inhabitants were discovered in
caves near limestone hills around <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maros" title="Maros">Maros</a>, about 30 km northeast of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a>,
the capital of the South Sulawesi province. Peeble and flake stone
tools have been collected from the river terraces in the valley of
Walanae, among Soppeng and Sengkang, including the bones from giant pig
and elephant species that are now extinct. Hand print paintings,
estimated to be around 35,000 to 40,000 years old, have been found in
the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pettakere_cave" title="Pettakere cave">Pettakere cave</a>,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-dw17984021_6-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sulawesi#cite_note-dw17984021-6">[6]</a></sup> located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from the town of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maros" title="Maros">Maros</a> and 30 kilometres (19 mi) from Makassar.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sulawesi#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup><br />
During the golden era of the spice trade, from the 15th to 19th
centuries, South Sulawesi served as the gateway to the Maluku Islands.<br />
At around the 14th century in South Sulawesi there were a number of
small kingdoms, including two prominent ones, the Kingdom of Gowa near
Makassar and the Bugis kingdom located in Bone. In 1530, the kingdom of
Gowa began development and in the mid 16th century, Gowa become one of
the most important trade centers in eastern Indonesia. In 1605, the King
of Gowa embraced Islam and made the kingdom of Gowa Islamist and
between the years 1608 and 1611, the Kingdom of Gowa conquered the
kingdom of Bugis so that Islam could be spread to the regions of
Makassar and Bone.<br />
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Regent_van_Maros_met_gevolg_Makassar_Celebes_TMnr_10001612.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="700" data-file-width="506" height="304" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Regent_van_Maros_met_gevolg_Makassar_Celebes_TMnr_10001612.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Regent_van_Maros_met_gevolg_Makassar_Celebes_TMnr_10001612.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Regent of Maros, Makassar, Sulawesi</div>
</div>
</div>
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a>
began operating in the region in the 15th century and saw the Kingdom
of Gowa as an obstacle to its desire for control of the spice trade in
this area. VOC later allied with the Bugis prince, Whitewater Palakka,
who was living in exile after the fall of the Bugis. After a year-long
battle, they defeated the kingdom of Gowa. And the king of Gowa, Sultan
Hasanuddin was forced to sign a treaty which greatly reduced the power
of Bungaya Gowa. Furthermore, Palakka became ruler in South Sulawesi.<br />
A Bugis queen later emerged to lead the resistance against the Dutch,
who were busy dealing with the Napoleonic Wars in Europe. Yet once past
the Napoleonic Wars, the Dutch returned to South Sulawesi and
eradicated the queen's rebellion. But resistance of the Bugis people
against colonial rule continued until 1905. In 1905, the Dutch also
managed to conquer Tana Toraja.<br />
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Mangi_Mangi_Kara%C3%ABng_Bontonompo_koning_van_Gowa_luistert_naar_de_installatierede_van_waarnemend_gouverneur_van_Celebes_en_Onderhorigheden_de_heer_Bosselaar_TMnr_10001592.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="459" data-file-width="700" height="144" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Mangi_Mangi_Kara%C3%ABng_Bontonompo_koning_van_Gowa_luistert_naar_de_installatierede_van_waarnemend_gouverneur_van_Celebes_en_Onderhorigheden_de_heer_Bosselaar_TMnr_10001592.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Mangi Mangi Karaeng Bontonompo, king of Gowa, with the public and some
dignitaries during the installation of acting governor of <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebes" title="Celebes">Celebes</a> and dependencies, Mr. Bosselaar, 1937</div>
</div>
</div>
Before the proclamation of the Republic of Indonesia, South Sulawesi
consisted of a number of independent kingdoms' territory and was
inhabited by four ethnic groups namely the Bugis, Makassar, Mandar, and
Toraja.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Economy">Economy</span></h2>
The Sulawesi economy grew 7.78 percent in 2008 and grew by 6.20
percent in 2009. Economic Growth in the First Quarter of 2010 reached
7.77 percent. The GDP in 2009 (ADHK) amounted to Rp 47.31 trillion and
99.90 Trillion (ADHB). There was a per capita income of USD 12.63
million in 2009.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Transportation">Transportation</span></h2>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Airports">Airports</span></h3>
<ul>
<li>Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a>)</li>
<li>Lagaligo Airport (Luwu, Palopo)</li>
<li>Andi Djemma Airport (North Luwu)</li>
<li>Pontiku Airport (Tana Toraja)</li>
<li>Haji Aroepala Airport (Selayar)</li>
<li>Seko Airport (North Luwu)</li>
<li>Rampi Airport (North Luwu)</li>
<li>Sorowako Airport (East Luwu)</li>
<li>Mappalo Ulaweng Airport (Bone)</li>
</ul>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Ports">Ports</span></h3>
<ul>
<li>Port of Soekarno Hatta (Makassar)</li>
<li>Port of Tanjung Ringgit (Palopo)</li>
<li>Port of Nusantara, (Pare Pare)</li>
<li>Balantang, (Malili)</li>
<li>Biringkassi, (Pangkep)</li>
<li>Paotere, (Makassar)</li>
<li>Pamatata (Selayar)</li>
<li>Bajoe, (Watampone)</li>
<li>Garongkong (Barru)</li>
<li>Bira, (Bulukumba)</li>
<li>Bangsalae, (Siwa, Wajo)</li>
<li>Ulo-ulo, (Belopa, Luwu)</li>
<li>Lala ria,(sinjai)</li>
</ul>
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Natural_resources">Natural resources</span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ladang_garam_Jeneponto.JPG"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="1222" data-file-width="2427" height="111" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ladang_garam_Jeneponto.JPG/220px-Ladang_garam_Jeneponto.JPG" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Salt evaporation ponds in <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeneponto&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Jeneponto (page does not exist)">Jeneponto</a>, South Sulawesi</div>
</div>
</div>
As one of the national rice graineries, South Sulawesi annually
produces 2,305,469 tons of rice. Of that amount, rice designated for
local consumption is around 884,375 tons and 1,421,094 tons of reserves
remain for distribution to other eastern areas. Rice is even exported to
Malaysia, to the Philippines, and to Papua New Guinea. The locations of
the largest rice production are in the Bone regency, in Soppeng, in
Wajo, in Sidrap, in Pinrang, and in Luwu (Bodowasipilu Area).<br />
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Food">Food</span></h3>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pedagang_markisa_Malino.JPG"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="2712" data-file-width="3616" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Pedagang_markisa_Malino.JPG/220px-Pedagang_markisa_Malino.JPG" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passion_fruit" title="Passion fruit">Passion fruit</a></div>
</div>
</div>
In addition to corn, the South Sulawesi region also produces
cassavas, sweet potatoes, green beans, peanuts. and soybeans. Some
luxuries such as hybrid coconuts, cocoa, coffee, pepper, vanilla, tea,
cashews, and cotton are also produced.<br />
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Srikaya_Bulukumba.JPG"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="1944" data-file-width="2592" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Srikaya_Bulukumba.JPG/220px-Srikaya_Bulukumba.JPG" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annona_squamosa" title="Annona squamosa">Annona squamosa</a></i> in <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bulukumba&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Bulukumba (page does not exist)">Bulukumba</a>, South Sulawesi</div>
</div>
</div>
The Tata Guna Horan Agreement (TGHK) of 2004 protects a lot of the
forest in South Sulawesi creating a limited output of timber related
products.<br />
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ikan_Pelabuhan_Bulukumba.JPG"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="1453" data-file-width="2584" height="124" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Ikan_Pelabuhan_Bulukumba.JPG/220px-Ikan_Pelabuhan_Bulukumba.JPG" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Catch of the day, Port of Bira, Bulukumba, South Sulawesi</div>
</div>
</div>
Tuna and snapper-grouper are caught in large proportions and seaweed
is grown to eat. Farms also have all of the typical animals such as
chickens, cows, pigs, goats, etc.<br />
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Mining">Mining</span></h3>
One of the factors that contributes to the high GRDP of South
Sulawesi is the mining sector. Gold, magnesium, iron, granite, lead,
nickel, and stone products are mined.<br />
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 227px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:South_Sulawesi-Indonesia-Mountains.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="768" data-file-width="1024" height="169" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/South_Sulawesi-Indonesia-Mountains.jpg/225px-South_Sulawesi-Indonesia-Mountains.jpg" width="225" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 227px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Mountains in South Sulawesi</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Culture">Culture</span></h2>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Philosophy">Philosophy</span></h3>
Culture Siri 'Na Pacce is one cultural philosophy of the
Bugis-Makassar Society which must be upheld. If one is a siri 'na pacce
(not a person), then that person doesn't exceed the behavior of animals,
because it has no sense of shame, self-esteem, and social concerns. The
people of Bugis-Makassar, they teach morality in the form of advice
about decency, prohibition, and the rights and obligations that dominate
human action to preserve and defend himself and his honor. They have a
very strong relationship with the view of Islam in terms of
spirituality, where the strength of the soul can conquer the body. The
core concept of siri 'na pacce covers all aspects of community life and
is the identity of the Bugis-Makassar.<br />
<ul>
<li><b>Siri 'Nipakasiri'</b> occurs when someone insulted or treated
someone outside the boundaries of reasonableness. Then he or his family
had to enforce siri'nya to restore the honour that has been deprived of,
if not it would be called "mate siri" or dead status and dignity as
human beings. The Bugis and Makassar, would rather die than live without
siri '.</li>
<li><b>Siri 'Masiri'</b> is a way of life that intends to maintain, improve, or achieve a feat performed by earnest and hard.</li>
</ul>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Traditional_costume">Traditional costume</span></h3>
Baju bodo is the traditional costume of the women. Baju bodo is
rectangular and is usually short sleeved. According to customs, every
color of the clothes worn by women shows the age or the dignity of the
wearer. Clothing is often used for ceremonies such as weddings. But now,
baju bodo is worn in other events such as dance competitions or to
welcome guests.<br />
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Traditional_ship">Traditional ship</span></h3>
The pinisi or phinisi is a traditional Indonesian two-masted sailing
ship. It was mainly built by the Konjo tribe, a sub-ethnic group but
was, and still is used widely by the Buginese and Makassarese, mostly
for inter-insular transportation, cargo, and fishing purposes within the
Indonesian archipelago.<br />
The hull of the ships looks similar to that of a dhow while the
fore-and-aft rigging is similar to that of western schooners, although
it might be more correctly termed to resemble a ketch, as the front mast
is the larger. The large mainsails differ from western style gaff rigs
though, as they often do not have a boom and the sail is not lowered
with the gaff. Instead it is reefed towards the mast, much like a
curtain, thus allowing the gaff to be used as deck crane in the harbor.
The lower part of the mast itself may resemble a tripod or is made of
two poles. Pinisi may be 20 to 35 meters long and can weigh up to 350
tons. The masts may be as high as30 meters above the deck.<br />
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Traditional_houses">Traditional houses</span></h3>
South Sulawesi has three types of traditional houses. The most known
are the Bola from Bugis Makassar and the Tongkonan from Toraja.<br />
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tamalate_Palace_of_Gowa_Kingdom.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="2448" data-file-width="3264" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Tamalate_Palace_of_Gowa_Kingdom.jpg/220px-Tamalate_Palace_of_Gowa_Kingdom.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Tamalate Palace of Gowa Sultanate</div>
</div>
</div>
<ul>
<li><b>Bola Traditional House</b> Some of the considerations for the
building of the house are should it face the sunrise, overlook a
plateau, or overlook a cardinal direction.</li>
</ul>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ke%27te%27_Kesu%27.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="2448" data-file-width="3264" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Ke%27te%27_Kesu%27.jpg/220px-Ke%27te%27_Kesu%27.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Tongkonan House from Toraja in Ke'te' Kesu', Toraja Regency</div>
</div>
</div>
Usually a good day or a month to build the house is determined by
those who have the skill in that regard. Building the house is preceded
by a ritual ceremony.<br />
<ul>
<li><b>Tongkonan</b> is the traditional ancestral house, or rumah adat
of the Torajan people. Tongkonan have a distinguishing boat-shaped and
oversized saddleback roof. Like most of Indonesia's Austronesian-based
traditional architecture, tongkonan are built on piles. The construction
of a tongkonan is laborious work and it is usually built with the help
of all of one's family members. In the original Toraja society, only
nobles had the right to build tongkonan while commoners lived in smaller
and less decorated homes called <i>banua</i>.</li>
</ul>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Traditional_songs">Traditional songs</span></h3>
<table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="background: transparent; border-collapse: collapse; border: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;"><b>Makassar Traditional Songs (Kelong)</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Anging Mammiri</li>
<li>Pakkarena</li>
<li>Pakkacaping</li>
<li>Ma'Rencong Rencong</li>
<li>Sulawesi Pa'rasanganta</li>
<li>Tulolonna Sulawesi</li>
<li>Ati Raja</li>
<li>Sailong</li>
<li>Ana' Kukang</li>
<li>Balla Lompoa</li>
<li>Batara Saile Sai</li>
</ul>
</td>
<td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;"><b>Bugis Traditional Songs (Dendang)</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Indo Logo</li>
<li>Bulu' Alaunna Tempe</li>
<li>Mappadendang</li>
<li>Kucapu Kucampa</li>
<li>Aja Tosirampe'</li>
<li>Alosi Ri Polo Dua</li>
<li>Iko Tea Idi Tea</li>
<li>Masa Allah</li>
<li>Ininnawa Sabara'e</li>
<li>Ongkona Sidenreng</li>
<li>Ongkona Arumpone</li>
<li>Ana' Malie</li>
</ul>
<b>Toraja Traditional Songs</b><br />
<ul>
<li>Marendeng Marampa</li>
<li>Tondokku</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Traditional_food">Traditional food</span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coto_Makassar-dish.JPG"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="900" data-file-width="1200" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Coto_Makassar-dish.JPG/220px-Coto_Makassar-dish.JPG" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Coto Makassar</div>
</div>
</div>
Rice and other crops such as bananas are abundant so almost all
dishes are, like the Bugis Makassar cake, made from rice and bananas.<br />
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pallubasa.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="2448" data-file-width="3264" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Pallubasa.jpg/220px-Pallubasa.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallubasa" title="Pallubasa">Pallubasa</a></div>
</div>
</div>
Coastal areas of South Sulawesi eat Bolu (milkfish), Shrimp, Sunu (grouper), and Crab.<br />
In South Sulawesi, the traditional food is diverse, ranging from soup
to traditional cakes. This is a chart with some of the traditional food
of South Sulawesi:<br />
<table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="background: transparent; border-collapse: collapse; border: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;"><ul>
<li>Barongko</li>
<li>Baje' Canggoreng</li>
<li>Kue Dange</li>
<li>Roko Roko Cangkuning / Doko-doko Cangkuling</li>
<li>Baruasa</li>
<li>Cuccuru'</li>
<li>Putu</li>
<li>Didara' Balanda</li>
<li>Kapurung / Bugalu / Pugalu</li>
<li>Bebek Palekko</li>
<li>Konro</li>
<li>Pisang Epe'</li>
<li>Songkolo' / Sokko'</li>
<li>Pallubasa</li>
<li>Pallu Mara</li>
<li>Otak Otak / Otaotak</li>
<li>Gogoso'</li>
<li>Bagea'</li>
<li>Beppa Golla Cella</li>
<li>Beppa Pute / Se'ro Se'ro</li>
<li>Katirisala</li>
<li>Nennu Nennu</li>
<li>Putu Pesse</li>
<li>Cuccuru' Bayao</li>
</ul>
</td>
<td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;"><ul>
<li>Sikaporo'</li>
<li>Bolu Peca'</li>
<li>Barobbo'
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sop_Konro.JPG"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="768" data-file-width="1024" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Sop_Konro.JPG/220px-Sop_Konro.JPG" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="background: transparent; border-collapse: collapse; border: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: 50%;"><ul>
<li><div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Konro</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>Parede</li>
<li>Lawa'</li>
<li>Pacco'</li>
<li>Jalangkote'</li>
<li>Mie Titi</li>
<li>Bolu Cukke'</li>
<li>Marning Jagung</li>
<li>Coto Kuda</li>
<li>Coto Makassar</li>
<li>Sop Saudara</li>
<li>Dange (Tawar)</li>
<li>Surabeng</li>
<li>Dampo'</li>
<li>Putu Kacang</li>
<li>Roti Pawa</li>
<li>Paria Kambu</li>
<li>Ulu Juku</li>
<li>Pallu Kalloa'</li>
<li>Dangke</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Traditional_weapons">Traditional weapons</span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dolk_met_knievormig_omgebogen_houten_greep_en_houten_schede_TMnr_674-615.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="450" data-file-width="800" height="124" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dolk_met_knievormig_omgebogen_houten_greep_en_houten_schede_TMnr_674-615.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dolk_met_knievormig_omgebogen_houten_greep_en_houten_schede_TMnr_674-615.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
A badik or badek is a knife or dagger developed by the Bugis and Makassar people of southern Sulawesi, Indonesia.</div>
</div>
</div>
<ul>
<li><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badik" title="Badik">Badik</a></b>
A badik is a knife with a specific form developed by the Bugis and
Makassar. The Badik is sharp, single or double sided, and has a length
of about half a meter. Like with a kris, the blade shape is asymmetric
and often decorated with prestige. However, different from the kris, the
badik never had a <i>ganja</i> (buffer strip). Some versions from
Sulawesi are decorated with inlaid gold figure on the blade called jeko.
The handle is made of wood, horn or ivory in a shape of a pistol grip
at a 45° to 90° angle and is often decorated with carvings. From
Sulawesi, the badik soon spread to neighbouring islands like Java,
Borneo, Sumatra, and as far as the Malay Peninsula, creating a wide
variety of badik according to each region and ethic group.</li>
</ul>
As with other blades in the Malay Archipelago, traditionally-made
badik are believed to be imbued with a supernatural force during the
time of their forging. The pamor in particular is said to affect its
owner, bringing either well-being and prosperity or misfortune and
poverty. Aside from being used as a weapon and hunting tool, the badik
is a symbol of cultural identity in Sulawesi. The Bugis and Makassar
people still carry badik as part of their daily attire. The badik is
worn on the right side, with the butt end of the handle pointing to the
rear.<br />
<ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center">
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;">
<div style="width: 155px;">
<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;">
<div style="margin: 30px auto;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sari_3.jpg"><img alt="Sari 3.jpg" data-file-height="2448" data-file-width="3264" height="90" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Sari_3.jpg/120px-Sari_3.jpg" width="120" /></a></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;">
<div style="width: 155px;">
<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;">
<div style="margin: 35px auto;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Knife_1a.JPG"><img alt="Knife 1a.JPG" data-file-height="2848" data-file-width="4272" height="80" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Knife_1a.JPG/120px-Knife_1a.JPG" width="120" /></a></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px;">
<div style="width: 155px;">
<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;">
<div style="margin: 35px auto;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Knife_1b.JPG"><img alt="Knife 1b.JPG" data-file-height="2848" data-file-width="4272" height="80" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Knife_1b.JPG/120px-Knife_1b.JPG" width="120" /></a></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Radio_and_TV_stations">Radio and TV stations</span></h2>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4062123038045240247.post-70646424294328593712016-03-29T01:19:00.002-07:002016-04-01T01:05:09.684-07:00About Sulawesi Island<b></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUsp4qr8mCOZEHtONU9GwcQXkEYE-X4bpS14g5gytkX39zA6dN2clWboy2V3zTZ8S_Ud1WvKAZBlB1Xo7jEgmWsqbHwdqc72MnXZcdu73PGqlejUAWgM1jEbytQaPkrEGCwLxCKkjRE3c/s1600/sulawesi+island.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUsp4qr8mCOZEHtONU9GwcQXkEYE-X4bpS14g5gytkX39zA6dN2clWboy2V3zTZ8S_Ud1WvKAZBlB1Xo7jEgmWsqbHwdqc72MnXZcdu73PGqlejUAWgM1jEbytQaPkrEGCwLxCKkjRE3c/s400/sulawesi+island.png" width="375" /></a></b></div>
<b> </b><br />
<br />
<b>Sulawesi</b>, formerly known as <b>Celebes</b>, is an island in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. One of the four <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Sunda_Islands" title="Greater Sunda Islands">Greater Sunda Islands</a>, and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_islands_by_area" title="List of islands by area">world's eleventh-largest island</a>, it is situated between <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku Islands</a>. In Indonesia, only <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua_%28province%29" title="Papua (province)">Papua</a> are larger in territory, and only <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> and Sumatra have larger populations.<br />
<br />
Sulawesi comprises four peninsulas: the northern <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minahassa_Peninsula" title="Minahassa Peninsula">Minahasa Peninsula</a>; the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Peninsula,_Sulawesi" title="East Peninsula, Sulawesi">East Peninsula</a>; the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Peninsula,_Sulawesi" title="South Peninsula, Sulawesi">South Peninsula</a>; and the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South-east_Peninsula,_Sulawesi" title="South-east Peninsula, Sulawesi">South-east Peninsula</a>. Three gulfs separate these peninsulas: the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Tomini" title="Gulf of Tomini">Gulf of Tomini</a> between northern Minahasa peninsula and East Peninsula; the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolo_Gulf" title="Tolo Gulf">Tolo Gulf</a> between East and Southeast Peninsula; and the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Gulf" title="Bone Gulf">Bone Gulf</a> between the South and Southeast Peninsula. The <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strait_of_Makassar" title="Strait of Makassar">Strait of Makassar</a> runs along the western side of the island and separates the island from Borneo.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Name">Name</span></h2>
The name <i>Sulawesi</i> possibly comes from the words <i>sula</i> ("island") and <i>mesi</i> ("iron") and may refer to the historical export of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a> from the rich <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Matano" title="Lake Matano">Lake Matano</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_ore" title="Iron ore">iron deposits</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> It came into common use in English following <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_independence" title="Indonesian independence">Indonesian independence</a>.<br />
The name <i>Celebes</i> was originally given to the island by <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_explorers" title="Portuguese explorers">Portuguese explorers</a><br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Geology">Geology</span></h2>
The island slopes up from the shores of the deep seas surrounding the
island to a high, mostly non-volcanic, mountainous interior. Active
volcanoes are found in the northern <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minahassa_Peninsula" title="Minahassa Peninsula">Minahassa Peninsula</a>, stretching north to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangihe_Islands" title="Sangihe Islands">Sangihe Islands</a>. The northern peninsula contains several active volcanoes such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Lokon" title="Mount Lokon">Mount Lokon</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Awu" title="Mount Awu">Mount Awu</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soputan" title="Soputan">Soputan</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karangetang" title="Karangetang">Karangetang</a>.<br />
According to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate_reconstruction" title="Plate reconstruction">plate reconstructions</a>, the island is believed to have been formed by the collision of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrane" title="Terrane">terranes</a> from the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_Plate" title="Asian Plate">Asian Plate</a> (forming the west and southwest) and from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Plate" title="Australian Plate">Australian Plate</a> (forming the southeast and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banggai_regency" title="Banggai regency">Banggai</a>), with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island_arc" title="Island arc">island arcs</a> previously in the Pacific (forming the north and east peninsulas).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> Because of its several tectonic origin, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_%28geology%29" title="Fault (geology)">faults</a> scar the land; as a result, the island is prone to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake" title="Earthquake">earthquakes</a>.<br />
Sulawesi, in contrast to most of the other islands in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogeography" title="Biogeography">biogeographical</a> region of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallacea" title="Wallacea">Wallacea</a>, is not truly oceanic, but a composite island at the centre of the Asia-Australia <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collision_zone" title="Collision zone">collision zone</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVon_Rintelen_.26_al.2014_3-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVon_Rintelen_.26_al.2014-3">[3]</a></sup> Parts of the island were formerly attached to either the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asian</a> or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia_%28continent%29" title="Australia (continent)">Australian</a> continental margin and became separated from these areas by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicariance" title="Vicariance">vicariant processes</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVon_Rintelen_.26_al.2014_3-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVon_Rintelen_.26_al.2014-3">[3]</a></sup> In the west, the opening of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassar_Strait" title="Makassar Strait">Makassar Strait</a> separated West Sulawesi from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundaland" title="Sundaland">Sundaland</a> in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eocene" title="Eocene">Eocene</a> c. 45 Mya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVon_Rintelen_.26_al.2014_3-2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVon_Rintelen_.26_al.2014-3">[3]</a></sup> In the east, the traditional view of collisions of multiple <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-continent" title="Micro-continent">micro-continental</a> fragments sliced from New Guinea with an active volcanic margin in West Sulawesi at different times since the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_Miocene" title="Early Miocene">Early Miocene</a>
c. 20 Mya has recently been replaced by the hypothesis that extensional
fragmentation has followed a single Miocene collision of West Sulawesi
with the <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sula_Spur&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Sula Spur (page does not exist)">Sula Spur</a>, the western end of an ancient folded belt of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variscan_orogeny" title="Variscan orogeny">Variscan origin</a> in the Late Paleozoic.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Prehistory">Prehistory</span></h2>
Before October 2014, the settlement of South Sulawesi by modern
humans had been dated to c. 30,000 BC on the basis of radiocarbon dates
obtained from rock shelters in Maros.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup>
No earlier evidence of human occupation had at that point been found,
but the island almost certainly formed part of the land bridge used for
the settlement of Australia and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a> by at least 40,000 BCE.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> There is no evidence of <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_erectus" title="Homo erectus">Homo erectus</a></i> having reached Sulawesi; crude stone tools first discovered in 1947 on the right bank of the <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walennae_River&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Walennae River (page does not exist)">Walennae River</a> at <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berru,_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Berru, Indonesia (page does not exist)">Berru, Indonesia</a>, which were thought to date to the Pleistocene on the basis of their association with vertebrate fossils,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> are now thought to date to perhaps 50,000 BC.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup><br />
<br />
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="530" data-file-width="700" height="167" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Paalwoning_Sulawesi_TMnr_10021564.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Paalwoning_Sulawesi_TMnr_10021564.jpg" width="220" /> </div>
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
Following Peter Bellwood's model of a southward migration of Austronesian-speaking farmers (AN),<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> radiocarbon dates from caves in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maros" title="Maros">Maros</a>
suggest a date in the mid-second millennium BC for the arrival of an a
group from east Borneo speaking a Proto-South Sulawesi language (PSS).
Initial settlement was probably around the mouth of the Sa'dan river, on
the northwest coast of the peninsula, although the south coast has also
been suggested.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup>
Subsequent migrations across the mountainous landscape resulted in the
geographical isolation of PSS speakers and the evolution of their
languages into the eight families of the South Sulawesi language group.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> If each group can be said to have a homeland, that of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a> – today the most numerous group – was around lakes <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%C3%A9mp%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Témpé (page does not exist)">Témpé</a> and <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sid%C3%A9nr%C3%A9ng&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Sidénréng (page does not exist)">Sidénréng</a>
in the Walennaé depression. Here for some 2,000 years lived the
linguistic group that would become the modern Bugis; the archaic name of
this group (which is preserved in other local languages) was Ugiq.
Despite the fact that today they are closely linked with the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makasar" title="Makasar">Makasar</a>, the closest linguistic neighbours of the Bugis are the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toraja" title="Toraja">Toraja</a>.<br />
Pre-1200 Bugis society was most likely organised into chiefdoms. Some
anthropologists have speculated these chiefdoms would have warred and,
in times of peace, exchanged women with each other. Further they have
speculated that personal security would have been negligible, and
head-hunting an established cultural practice. The political economy
would have been a mixture of hunting and gathering and swidden or
shifting agriculture. Speculative planting of <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wet_rice" title="Wet rice">wet rice</a> may have taken place along the margins of the lakes and rivers.<br />
<br />
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tokalalaea_Megalith_2007.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="768" data-file-width="1024" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Tokalalaea_Megalith_2007.jpg/220px-Tokalalaea_Megalith_2007.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
</div>
</div>
In Central Sulawesi there are over 400 granite <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalith" title="Megalith">megaliths</a>,
which various archaeological studies have dated to be from 3000 BC to
AD 1300. They vary in size from a few centimetres to around 4.5 metres
(15 ft). The original purpose of the megaliths is unknown. About 30 of
the megaliths represent human forms. Other megaliths are in form of
large pots (<i>Kalamba</i>) and stone plates (<i>Tutu'na</i>).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-National_Geographic_11-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-National_Geographic-11">[11]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Jakarta_Post_12-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-Jakarta_Post-12">[12]</a></sup><br />
<br />
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hands_in_Pettakere_Cave.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="2448" data-file-width="3264" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Hands_in_Pettakere_Cave.jpg/220px-Hands_in_Pettakere_Cave.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
In October 2014 it was announced that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_painting" title="Cave painting">cave paintings</a> in Maros had been dated as being about 40,000 years old. Dr Maxime Aubert, of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griffith_University" title="Griffith University">Griffith University</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, said that the minimum age for the outline of a hand was 39,900 years old, which made it "the oldest <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_stencil" title="Hand stencil">hand stencil</a>
in the world" and added, "Next to it is a pig that has a minimum age of
35,400 years old, and this is one of the oldest figurative depictions
in the world, if not the oldest one."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-13"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_%27Padjog%C3%A9%27_danseressen_te_Maros_Celebes_TMnr_10003470_Retouch.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="448" data-file-width="477" height="207" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_%27Padjog%C3%A9%27_danseressen_te_Maros_Celebes_TMnr_10003470_Retouch.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_%27Padjog%C3%A9%27_danseressen_te_Maros_Celebes_TMnr_10003470_Retouch.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
'<a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padjog%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Padjogé (page does not exist)">Padjogé</a>' dancers in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maros" title="Maros">Maros</a>, Sulawesi, in the 1870s</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Lokaal_hoofd_van_de_eilanden_ten_zuiden_van_Celebes_TMnr_10001613.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="700" data-file-width="572" height="269" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Lokaal_hoofd_van_de_eilanden_ten_zuiden_van_Celebes_TMnr_10001613.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Lokaal_hoofd_van_de_eilanden_ten_zuiden_van_Celebes_TMnr_10001613.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Local chief (1872)</div>
</div>
</div>
Starting in the 13th century, access to prestige trade goods and to
sources of iron started to alter long-standing cultural patterns, and to
permit ambitious individuals to build larger political units. It is not
known why these two ingredients appeared together; one was perhaps the
product of the other. By 1400, a number of nascent agricultural
principalities had arisen in the western Cenrana valley, as well as on
the south coast and on the west coast near modern Parepare.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-14"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup><br />
The first Europeans to visit the island (which they believed to be an archipelago due to its contorted shape) were the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a>
sailors Simão de Abreu, in 1523, and Gomes de Sequeira (among others)
in 1525, sent from the Moluccas in search of gold, which the islands had
the reputation of producing.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-15"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-16"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup>
A Portuguese base was installed in Makassar in the first decades of the
16th century, lasting until 1665, when it was taken by the Dutch. The
Dutch had arrived in Sulawesi in 1605 and were quickly followed by the
English, who established a factory in Makassar.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-17"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup> From 1660, the Dutch were at war with <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gowa" title="Gowa">Gowa</a>, the major Makasar west coast power. In 1669, Admiral Speelman forced the ruler, Sultan Hasanuddin, to sign the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Bongaja" title="Treaty of Bongaja">Treaty of Bongaya</a>, which handed control of trade to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a>. The Dutch were aided in their conquest by the Bugis warlord Arung Palakka, ruler of the Bugis kingdom of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_state" title="Bone state">Bone</a>.
The Dutch built a fort at Ujung Pandang, while Arung Palakka became the
regional overlord and Bone the dominant kingdom. Political and cultural
development seems to have slowed as a result of the status quo. In 1905
the entire island became part of the Dutch state colony of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Netherlands East Indies</a> until <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Indonesia" title="Japanese occupation of Indonesia">Japanese occupation</a> in the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_World_War" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>. During the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_National_Revolution" title="Indonesian National Revolution">Indonesian National Revolution</a>, the Dutch Captain <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_Westerling" title="Raymond Westerling">'Turk' Westerling</a> led campaigns in which hundreds, maybe thousands died during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sulawesi_Campaign" title="South Sulawesi Campaign">South Sulawesi Campaign</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Kahin145_18-0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-Kahin145-18">[18]</a></sup> Following the transfer of sovereignty in December 1949, Sulawesi became part of the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_government" title="Federal government">federal</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_of_Indonesia" title="United States of Indonesia">United States of Indonesia</a>, which in 1950 became absorbed into the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">unitary</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Indonesia" title="Republic of Indonesia">Republic of Indonesia</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-19"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup><br />
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lemo_burial_site.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="2448" data-file-width="3264" height="165" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Lemo_burial_site.jpg/220px-Lemo_burial_site.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toraja" title="Toraja">Toraja</a> burial site. <i>Tau-tau</i>, the statue representing the buried people, can be seen in niches on the cliff.</div>
</div>
</div>
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Central_Sulawesi">Central Sulawesi</span></h3>
The Portuguese were rumoured to have a fort in Parigi in 1555.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-20"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup> The Kaili were an important group based in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palu_River" title="Palu River">Palu</a> valley and related to the Toraja. Scholars relate<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
that their control swayed under Ternate and Makassar, but this might
have been a decision by the Dutch to give their vassals a chance to
govern a difficult group. Padbruge commented that in the 1700s Kaili
numbers were significant and a highly militant society. In the 1850s a
war erupted between the Kaili groups, including the Banawa, in which the
Dutch decided to intervene. A complex conflict also involving the Sulu
Island pirates and probably Wyndham (a British merchant who commented on
being involved in arms dealing to the area in this period and causing a
row).<br />
In the late 19th century the Sarasins journeyed through the Palu
valley as part of a major initiative to bring the Kaili under Dutch
rule. Some very surprising and interesting photographs were taken of
shamen called Tadulako. Further Christian religious missions entered the
area to make one of the most detailed ethnographic studies in the early
20th century.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-21"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup>
A Swede by the name of Walter Kaudern later studied much of the
literature and produced a synthesis. Erskine Downs in the 1950s produced
a summary of Kruyts and Andrianis work: "The religion of the
Bare'e-Speaking Toradja of Central Celebes," which is invaluable for
English-speaking researchers. One of the most recent publications is
"When the bones are left," a study of the material culture of central
Sulawesi,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-22"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup>
offering extensive analysis. Also worthy of study is the brilliant
works of Monnig Atkinson on the Wana shamen who live in the Mori area.<br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Geography">Geography</span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tangkoko_National_Park,_North_Sulawesi,_Indonesia.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="532" data-file-width="800" height="146" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Tangkoko_National_Park%2C_North_Sulawesi%2C_Indonesia.jpg/220px-Tangkoko_National_Park%2C_North_Sulawesi%2C_Indonesia.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Tongkoko" title="Mount Tongkoko">Mount Tongkoko</a> is a volcano in North Sulawesi</div>
</div>
</div>
Sulawesi is the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_islands_by_area" title="List of islands by area">world's eleventh-largest island</a>, covering an area of 174,600 km<sup>2</sup>
(67,413 sq mi). The central part of the island is ruggedly mountainous,
such that the island's peninsulas have traditionally been remote from
each other, with better connections by sea than by road. The three bays
that divide Sulawesi's peninsulas are, from north to south, the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_of_Tomini" title="Bay of Tomini">Tomini</a>, the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_of_Tolo_%28Indonesia%29" title="Bay of Tolo (Indonesia)">Tolo</a> and the <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bay_of_Boni&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Bay of Boni (page does not exist)">Boni</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-26"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-26">[n 1]</a></sup> These separate the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semenanjung_Minahassa" title="Semenanjung Minahassa">Minahassa or Northern Peninsula</a>, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Peninsula,_Sulawesi" title="East Peninsula, Sulawesi">East Peninsula</a>, the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South-east_Peninsula,_Sulawesi" title="South-east Peninsula, Sulawesi">Southeast Peninsula</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Peninsula,_Sulawesi" title="South Peninsula, Sulawesi">South Peninsula</a>.<br />
The <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strait_of_Makassar" title="Strait of Makassar">Strait of Makassar</a> runs along the western side of the island.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The island is surrounded by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a> to the west, by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> to the north, by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku</a> to the east, and by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flores" title="Flores">Flores</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor" title="Timor">Timor</a> to the south.<br />
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Minor_islands">Minor islands</span></h3>
The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selayar_Islands" title="Selayar Islands">Selayar Islands</a> make up a peninsula stretching southwards from Southwest Sulawesi into the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flores_Sea" title="Flores Sea">Flores Sea</a> are administratively part of Sulawesi. The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangihe_Islands" title="Sangihe Islands">Sangihe Islands</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talaud_Islands" title="Talaud Islands">Talaud Islands</a> stretch northward from the northeastern tip of Sulawesi, while <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buton_Island" title="Buton Island">Buton Island</a> and its neighbours lie off its southeast peninsula, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togian_Islands" title="Togian Islands">Togian Islands</a> are in the Gulf of Tomini, and <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peleng_Island" title="Peleng Island">Peleng Island</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banggai_Islands_Regency" title="Banggai Islands Regency">Banggai Islands</a> form a cluster between Sulawesi and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku</a>. All the above-mentioned islands, and many smaller ones, are administratively part of Sulawesi's six provinces.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><br />
<h2>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Population">Population</span></h2>
The 2000 census population of the provinces of Sulawesi was 14,946,488, about 7.25% of Indonesia's total population.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-27"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-27">[26]</a></sup>
By the 2010 Census the total had reached 17,371,782, and the latest
official estimate (for January 2014) is 18,455,058. The largest city is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a>.<br />
<h3>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Religion">Religion</span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<a class="image" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Besnijdenisfeest_te_Gorontalo_Manado_Noord-Celebes_TMnr_10002921.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" data-file-height="482" data-file-width="700" height="151" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Besnijdenisfeest_te_Gorontalo_Manado_Noord-Celebes_TMnr_10002921.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Besnijdenisfeest_te_Gorontalo_Manado_Noord-Celebes_TMnr_10002921.jpg" width="220" /></a>
<br />
<div class="thumbcaption">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;">
<div class="thumbcaption">
Circumcision ceremony, Gorontalo, North Sulawesi.</div>
</div>
</div>
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Islam in Indonesia">Islam</a>
is the majority religion in Sulawesi. The conversion of the lowlands of
the south western peninsula (South Sulawesi) to Islam occurred in the
early 17th century. The kingdom of Luwu in the Gulf of Bone was the
first to accept Islam in February 1605; the Makassar kingdom of
Goa-Talloq, centred on the modern-day city of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a>, followed suit in September.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-28"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulawesi#cite_note-28">[27]</a></sup> However, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorontaloan_people" title="Gorontaloan people">Gorontalo</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongondow_people" title="Mongondow people">Mongondow</a> peoples of the northern peninsula largely converted to Islam only in the 19th century. Most Muslims are <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni" title="Sunni">Sunnis</a>.<br />
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity_in_Indonesia" title="Christianity in Indonesia">Christians</a> form a substantial minority on the island. According to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demography" title="Demography">demographer</a> Toby Alice Volkman, 17% of Sulawesi's population is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestantism_in_Indonesia" title="Protestantism in Indonesia">Protestant</a> and less than 2% is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholicism_in_Indonesia" title="Roman Catholicism in Indonesia">Roman Catholic</a>. Christians are concentrated on the tip of the northern peninsula around the city of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manado" title="Manado">Manado</a>, which is inhabited by the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minahasa" title="Minahasa">Minahasa</a>, a predominantly Protestant people, and the northernmost <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangir_Islands" title="Sangir Islands">Sangir</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talaud_Islands" title="Talaud Islands">Talaud Islands</a>. The famous <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toraja" title="Toraja">Toraja</a> people of <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tana_Toraja" title="Tana Toraja">Tana Toraja</a>
in Central Sulawesi have largely converted to Christianity since
Indonesia's independence. There are also substantial numbers of
Christians around <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Poso" title="Lake Poso">Lake Poso</a> in Central Sulawesi, among the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamona" title="Pamona">Pamona</a> speaking peoples of Central Sulawesi, and near <a class="new" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mamasa,_Mamasa&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Mamasa, Mamasa (page does not exist)">Mamasa</a>.<br />
Though most people identify themselves as Muslims or Christians, they
often subscribe to local beliefs and deities as well. It is not
uncommon for both groups to make offerings to local gods, goddesses and
spirits.<br />
Smaller communities of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_Indonesia" title="Buddhism in Indonesia">Buddhists</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism_in_Indonesia" title="Hinduism in Indonesia">Hindus</a> are also found on Sulawesi, usually among the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Indonesian" title="Chinese Indonesian">Chinese</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">Balinese</a> and <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Indonesian" title="Indian Indonesian">Indian</a> communities.<br />
<br />
taken by : wikipedia.com Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14531153293239663703noreply@blogger.com0